Introduction into Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
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    • Quantum Mechanics
      • Wave Mechanics
      • Bra–Ket (Dirac) Notation, Operators, and More
      • Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle
      • Angular Momenta and Their Couplings
      • The One-Dimensional Quantum Harmonic Oscillator
      • Time-Independent Perturbation Theory
      • Exchange Interaction: Fermions and Bosons
      • The Variational Method
      • Relativistic Wave Equations — the Dirac Equation
    • Hydrogen (Basics)
      • Orbital Angular Momentum in Quantum Mechanics
      • Hydrogen atom — Schrödinger equation and radial solutions
    • Hydrogen (Details)
      • Electron Spin and Fine Structure
      • The Lamb Shift — An Introduction to Quantum Electrodynamics
      • The Hyperfine Structure
      • Summary — energy-level splitting
      • Hydrogen in Static External Fields
    • Absorption and Emission of Radiation
      • Transition Processes and Einstein Coefficients
      • Dipole Matrix Elements
      • Visualizing Atomic Transitions
      • Radiation and Selection Rules
      • Spectroscopy and Spectral Line Widths
      • Doppler-Free Saturation Spectroscopy
    • More than One Electron Atoms
      • Helium (Basics)
      • Two-Electron States in Helium
      • Calculations for Multielectron Atoms
      • Shell Model and Periodic Table
      • Angular Momentum Coupling in Many-Electron Atoms
      • Excitation and Ionization
    • Introduction to Molecular Physics
      • Foundations of Molecular Bonding
      • The H\(_2^+\) Molecular Ion
      • Molecular Orbitals and the LCAO Method
      • Beyond H\(_2^+\) and LCAO
      • Rotation and Vibration
      • Molecular Transitions and Spectroscopy
    • Laser–Atom Interactions
      • Two-Level Systems — The Theoretical Framework
      • Rotating Wave Approximation and Rabi Oscillations
      • The Density Matrix Formalism
      • The Optical Bloch Equations
      • Laser Cooling
      • The Bloch Sphere Representation
      • Ramsey Spectroscopy and Atomic Clocks